Ver en español

The International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) has joined the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR), together with the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE), Endocrine Society, European Calcified Tissue Society (ECTS) and National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF), to publish joint guidance on vitamin D in response to the current global pandemic.

The main source of vitamin D is through 15-30 minutes of direct sunlight exposure on the skin  (i.e. safe exposure, taking care to avoid sunburn) daily. The COVID-19 pandemic, with isolation indoors widespread due to ‘stay at home’ orders in many countries, has had an impact on outdoor physical activity and leisure time. As a result individuals have been spending less time outdoors, with fewer opportunities to obtain this important vitamin through exposure to sunlight.

In their joint guidance, the six scientific and medical organizations remind individuals of the importance of obtaining the daily recommended dosage of vitamin D. The guidance, available on the ASBMR website, states:

• Scientific evidence clearly supports the benefits that vitamin D, in combination with calcium intake, plays in building strong skeletons and preventing bone loss.
• For those unable to spend at least 15-30 minutes with direct sun exposure each day, the easiest way to acquire vitamin D is through food supplemented with vitamin D and/or vitamin D nutritional supplements. Although some foods in the U.S. and elsewhere are fortified with vitamin D, the levels are often fairly low.
• The ASBMR, AACE, Endocrine Society, ECTS, NOF, and IOF recommend that most adults 19 years and older obtain between 400-1000 International Units (IUs) of vitamin D daily from food and/or with supplements (ideal intake depends on age and sex).
• Although recent epidemiologic (observational) studies have suggested associations between low 25(OH)-vitamin D concentrations and higher rates of COVID-19 infection, these are likely related to ethnicity, age, and general health rather than a causal relationship. To date, no clinical trials studying a potential effect of vitamin D supplementation on preventing COVID-19 disease have been completed.
• The current data do not provide any evidence that vitamin D supplementation will help prevent or treat COVID-19 infection; however, our guidance does not preclude further study of the potential effects of vitamin D on COVID-19. Research to date suggests that vitamin D may play a role in enhancing the immune response, and given prior work demonstrating a role for the activated form of vitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] in immune responses, further research into vitamin D supplementation in COVID-19 disease is warranted.
• Vitamin D is very safe when taken at reasonable dosages and is important for musculoskeletal health. Levels are likely to decline as individuals reduce outside activity (and so sun exposure) during the pandemic. Most older and younger adults can safely take 400-1000 IU daily to keep vitamin D levels within the optimal range as recommended by Institute of Medicine guidelines (1).

Learn more about vitamin D and its important role in bone health.

###
1. Institute of Medicine. 2011. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/13050.