Articles and position papers

This section features articles and position papers published by the International Osteoporosis Foundation’s Committee of Scientific Advisors and Working Groups. The publications are arranged by general topics.

Bone Markers

Meier, C., Eastell, R., Pierroz, D. D., Lane, N. E., Al-Daghri, N., Suzuki, A., Napoli, N., Mithal, A., Chakhtoura, M., El-Hajj Fuleihan, G., & Ferrari, S. (2023). Biochemical Markers of Bone Fragility in Patients With Diabetes. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, dgad255. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgad255
Dincel, A.S., Jørgensen, N.R. & on behalf of the IOF-IFCC Joint Committee on Bone Metabolism (C-BM). New Emerging Biomarkers for Bone Disease: Sclerostin and Dickkopf-1 (DKK1). Calcif Tissue Int (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-022-01020-9
Vasikaran SD, Miura M, Pikner R, Bhattoa HP, Cavalier E, on behalf of the IOF-IFCC Joint Committee on Bone Metabolism (C-BM). Practical Considerations for the Clinical Application of Bone Turnover Markers in Osteoporosis. Calcif Tissue Int (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-021-00930-4
Cavalier E, Eastell R, Jørgensen NR et al. A Multicenter Study to Evaluate Harmonization of Assays for C-Terminal Telopeptides of Type I Collagen (ß-CTX): A Report from the IFCC-IOF Committee for Bone Metabolism (C-BM). Calcif Tissue Int 108, 785–797 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-021-00816-5
Bhattoa HP, Cavalier E, Eastell R, Heijboer AC, Jørgensen NR, Makris K, Ulmer CZ, Kanis JA, Cooper C, Silverman SL, Vasikaran SD; IFCC-IOF Committee for Bone Metabolism. Analytical considerations and plans to standardize or harmonize assays for the reference bone turnover markers PINP and β-CTX in blood. Clin Chim Acta. 2020 Dec 28:S0009-8981(20)30591-X.
Cavalier, E., Lukas, P., Bottani, M. et al. European Biological Variation Study (EuBIVAS): within- and between-subject biological variation estimates of β-isomerized C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTX), N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen (PINP), osteocalcin, intact fibroblast growth factor 23 and uncarboxylated-unphosphorylated matrix-Gla protein—a cooperation between the EFLM Working Group on Biological Variation and the International Osteoporosis Foundation-International Federation of Clinical Chemistry Committee on Bone Metabolism. Osteoporos Int (2020).
Vasikaran SD, Bhattoa HP, Eastell R, Heijboer AC, Jørgensen NR, Makris K, Ulmer C, Kanis JA, Cooper C, Silverman S, Cavalier E. Harmonization of commercial assays for PINP; the way forward.
Osteoporos Int. 2020 Mar;31(3):409-412. doi: 10.1007/s00198-020-05310-6.
Cavalier E, Eastell R, Jørgensen NR, Makris K, Tournis S, Vasikaran S, Kanis JA, Cooper C, Pottel H, Morris HA. A multicenter study to evaluate harmonization of assays for N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP): a report from the IFCC-IOF Joint Committee for Bone Metabolism. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM), 2019. 57(10): p.1546-1555 doi:10.1515/cclm-2019-0174
Diez-Perez A, Naylor KE, Abrahamsen B, Agnusdei D, Brandi ML, Cooper C, Dennison E, Eriksen EF, Gold DT, Guañabens N, Hadji P, Hiligsmann M, Horne R, Josse R, Kanis JA. International Osteoporosis Foundation & European Calcified Tissue Society Working Group. Recommendations for the screening of adherence to oral bisphosphonates. Osteoporos Int (2017) 28(3): p.767-774 doi:10.1007/s00198-017-3906-6
Morris HA, Eastell R, Jørgensen NR, Cavaliere E, Vasikaran S, Chubb SAP, Kanis JA, Cooper C, Makrisi K, on behalf of the IFCC-IOF Working Group for Standardisation of Bone Marker Assays (WG-BMA). Clinical usefulness of bone turnover marker concentrations in osteoporosis. Clin Chim Acta, 2016. 467: p.34-41 doi:10.1016/j.cca.2016.06.036
Johansson H, Odén A, Kanis JA, McCloskey EV, Morris HA, Cooper C, Vasikaran S and the IFCC-IOF Joint Working Group on standardisation of biochemical markers of bone turnover. A meta-analysis of reference markers of bone turnover for prediction of fracture. Calcif Tissue Int, 2014. 94(5): p.560-567 doi:10.1007/s00223-014-9842-y
Vasikaran S, Eastell R, Bruyere O, Foldes AJ, Garnero P, Griesmacher A, McClung M, Morris HA, Silverman S, Trenti T, Wahl DA, Cooper C, Kanis JA for the IOF-IFCC Bone Marker Standards Working Group. Markers of bone turnover for the prediction of fracture risk and monitoring of osteoporosis treatment: a need for international reference standards. Osteoporos Int, 2011. 22(2): p.391-420 doi:10.1007/s00198-010-1501-1
Vasikaran SD, Morris HA, Cooper C, Kanis JA. Standardising biochemical assessment of bone turnover in osteoporosis. Clin Biochem, 2011. 44(13): p.1033-4 doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.07.001
Vasikaran SD, Cooper C, Kanis JA. Recommendations for bone marker standards in osteoporosis: what, why and where to now? Ann Clin Biochem, 2011. 48(Pt 2): p.91-2 doi:10.1258/acb.2011.010286
Vasikaran S, Cooper C, Eastell R, Griesmacher A, Morris HA, Trenti T, Kanis JA. International Osteoporosis Foundation and International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine Position on bone marker standards in osteoporosis. Clin Chem Lab Med, 2011. 49(8): p.1271-4 doi:10.1515/CCLM.2011.602
Delmas PD and the Committee of Scientific Advisors of the International Osteoporosis Foundation. Bone marker nomenclature. Bone, 2001. 28(6): p.575-6 doi:10.1016/S8756-3282(01)00480-X
Delmas PD, Eastell R, Garnero P, Seibel MJ, Stepan J. The use of biochemical markers of bone turnover in osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int, 2000. 11(Suppl 6): p.S2-S17 doi:10.1007/s001980070002

Bone strength / Imaging

van den Bergh JP, Szulc P, Cheung A, Bouxsein M, Engelke K, Chapurlat R. The clinical application of high-resolution peripheral computed tomography (HR-pQCT) in adults: state of the art and future directions. Osteoporos Int (2021). doi: 10.1007/s00198-021-05999-z
Whittier DE, Boyd SK, Burghardt AJ, Paccou J, Ghasem-Zadeh A, Chapurlat R, Engelke K, Bouxsein ML. Guidelines for the Assessment of Bone Density and Microarchitecture in Vivo Using High-Resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography. Osteoporos Int . 2020 May 26. doi: 10.1007/s00198-020-05438-5
Bouxsein ML, Zysset P, Glüer CC, McClung M, Biver E, Pierroz D, Ferrari SL, on behalf of the IOF Working Group on Hip Bone Strength as a Therapeutic Target. Perspectives on the non-invasive evaluation of femoral strength in the assessment of hip fracture risk. Osteoporos Int, 2020. doi:10.1007/s00198-019-05195-0

Epidemiology / Burden

Willers C, Norton N, Harvey NC, Jacobson T, Johansson H, Lorentzon M, McCloskey EV, Borgström F, Kanis JA & the SCOPE review panel of IOF. Osteoporosis in Europe: A Compendium of country-specific reports. Arch Osteoporos 17, 23 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-021-00969-8
Kanis JA, Norton N, Harvey NC, Jacobson T, Johansson H, Lorentzon M, McCloskey EV, Willers C, Borgström F. SCOPE 2021: a new scorecard for osteoporosis in Europe. Arch Osteoporos 16, 82 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-020-00871-9
Borgström F, Karlsson L, Ortsäter G, Norton N, Halbout P, Cooper C, Lorentzon M, McCloskey EV, Harvey NC, Javaid MK, Kanis JA; International Osteoporosis Foundation Fragility fractures in Europe: burden, management and opportunities. Arch Osteoporos. 2020;15(1):59. doi: 10.1007/s11657-020-0706-y
Kanis JA, Adachi JD, Cooper C, Clark P, Cummings SR, Diaz-Curiel M, Harvey N, Hiligsmann M, Papaoiannou A, Pierroz DD, Silverman SL, Szulc P. The Epidemiology and Quality of Life Workng Group of IOF. Standardizing the descriptive epidemiology of osteoporosis: recommendations from the Epidemiology and Quality of Life Working Group of IOF Osteoporos Int, 2013. 24(11): p.2763-64 doi:10.1007/s00198-013-2413-7
Hernlund E, Svedbom A, Ivergard M, Compston J, Cooper C, Stenmark J, McCloskey EV, Jonsson B, Kanis JA; A report prepared in collaboration with the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) and the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industry Associations (EFPIA). Osteoporosis in the European Union: Medical Management, Epidemiology and Economic Burden Arch Osteoporos, 2013. 8:136 doi:10.1007/s11657-013-0136-1
Svedbom A, Hernlund E, Ivergard M, Compston J, Cooper C, Stenmark J, McCloskey EV, Jonsson B, Kanis JA; EU review panel of the IOF. Osteoporosis in the European Union: A compendium of country-specific reports. Arch Osteoporos, 2013. 8:137 doi:10.1007/s11657-013-0137-0
Kanis JA, Borgström F, Compston J, Dreinhöfer K, Nolte E, Jonsson L, Lems WF, McCloskey EV, Rizzoli R, Stenmark J. SCOPE: A Scorecard for Osteoporosis in Europe. Arch Osteoporosis, 2013. 18:144 doi:10.1007/s11657-013-0144-1
Kanis JA, Oden A, McCloskey EV, Johansson H, Wahl DA, Cooper C; IOF Working Group on Epidemiology and Quality of Life. A systematic review of hip fracture incidence and probability of fracture worldwide. Osteoporos Int, 2012. 23(9): p.2239-56 doi:10.1007/s00198-012-1964-3
Cawston H, Maravic M, Fardellone P, Gauthier A, Kanis JA, Compston J, Borgstrom F, Cooper C, McCloskey E. Epidemiological burden of postmenopausal osteoporosis in France from 2010 to 2020: estimations from a disease model. Arch Osteoporos, 2012. 7(1-2): p.237-46 doi:10.1007/s11657-012-0102-3
Strom O, Borgstrom F, Kanis JA, Compston J, Cooper C, McCloskey EV, Jonsson B. Osteoporosis: burden, health care provision and opportunities in the EU: a report prepared in collaboration with the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) and the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industry Associations (EFPIA). Arch Osteoporos, 2011. 6(1-2): p.59-155 doi:10.1007/s11657-011-0060-1
Gauthier A, Kanis JA, Jiang Y, Martin M, Compston JE, Borgstrom F, Cooper C, McCloskey EV. Epidemiological burden of postmenopausal osteoporosis in the UK from 2010 to 2021: estimations from a disease model. Arch Osteoporos, 2011. 6(1-2): p.179-88 doi:10.1007/s11657-011-0063-y
Cooper C, Cole ZA, Holroyd CR, Earl SC, Harvey NC, Dennison EM, Melton LJ, Cummings SR, Kanis JA; IOF CSA Working Group on Fracture Epidemiology. Secular trends in the incidence of hip and other osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporos Int, 2011. 22(5): p.1277-88 doi:10.1007/s00198-011-1601-6
Gullberg B, Johnell O, Kanis JA. World-wide projections for hip fracture. Osteoporos Int, 1997. 7(5): p.407-13 doi:10.1007/PL00004148
Johnell O, Kanis JA. An estimate of the worldwide prevalence and disability associated with osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporos Int, 2006. 17(12): p.1726-33 doi:10.1007/s00198-006-0172-4
Kanis JA, Oden A, Johnell O, De Laet C, Jonsson B, Oglesby AK. The components of excess mortality after hip fracture. Bone, 2003. 32(5): p.468-73 doi:10.1016/S8756-3282(03)00061-9

FRAX / Risk

Kanis, J.A., Harvey, N.C., Lorentzon, M. et al. Race-specific FRAX models are evidence-based and support equitable care: a response to the ASBMR Task Force report on Clinical Algorithms for Fracture Risk. Osteoporos Int (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-024-07162-w
Beaudart C, Sharma M, Clark P, et al. Patients' preferences for fracture risk communication: the Risk Communication in Osteoporosis (RICO) study. Osteoporos Int. (2023) https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-023-06955-9
Vandenput, L., Johansson, H., McCloskey, E.V. et al. A meta-analysis of previous falls and subsequent fracture risk in cohort studies. Osteoporos Int (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-023-07012-1
Kanis, J.A., Johansson, H., Harvey, N.C. et al. Adjusting conventional FRAX estimates of fracture probability according to the number of prior falls in the preceding year. Osteoporos Int (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-022-06633-2
Kanis, JA, McCloskey, EV, Harvey, NC, et al. The need to distinguish intervention thresholds and diagnostic thresholds in the management of osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-022-06567-9
Kanis, JA, Johansson, H, Harvey, NC. et al. Adjusting conventional FRAX estimates of fracture probability according to the number of prior fractures. Osteoporos Int (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-022-06550-4
Vandenput, L, Johansson, H, McCloskey, EV. et al. Update of the fracture risk prediction tool FRAX: a systematic review of potential cohorts and analysis plan. Osteoporos Int (2022). doi.org/10.1007/s00198-022-06435-6
Kanis JA, Johansson H, Harvey NC, Gudnason V, Sigurdsson G, Siggeirsdottir K, Lorentzon M, Liu E, Vandenput L, McCloskey EV. Adjusting conventional FRAX estimates of fracture probability according to the recency of sentinel fractures. Osteoporos Int. 2020 Jul 1. doi: 10.1007/s00198-020-05517-7.
Issayeva S, Lesnyak O, Zakroyeva A, Issayeva B, Dilmanova D, Johansson H, Liu E, Lorentzon M, Harvey NC, McCloskey E, Kanis JA. Epidemiology of Osteoporotic Fracture in Kazakhstan and Development of a Country Specific FRAX Model. Arch Osteoporos. 2020 Feb 27;15(1):30. doi: 10.1007/s11657-020-0701-3.
Lesnyak O, Zakroyeva A, Lobanchenko O, Johansson H, Liu E, Lorentzon M, Harvey NC, McCloskey E, Kanis JA. A Surrogate FRAX Model for the Kyrgyz Republic. Arch Osteoporos. 2020 May 6;15(1):68. doi: 10.1007/s11657-020-00743-2.
Lesnyak O, Ismailov S, Shakirova M, Alikhanova N, Zakroyeva A, Abboskhujaeva L, Johansson H, Harvey NC, McCloskey E, Kanis JA. Epidemiology of hip fracture and the development of a FRAX model for Uzbekistan. Arch Osteoporos. 2020 Jul 29;15(1):119. doi: 10.1007/s11657-020-00792-7.
Kanis, J.A., Harvey, N.C., Johansson, H. et al. A decade of FRAX: how has it changed the management of osteoporosis?. Aging Clin Exp Res 32, 187–196 (2020). doi: 10.1007/s40520-019-01432-y
Kirilova E, Johansson H, Kirilov N, Vladeva S, Petranova T, Kolarov Z, Liu E, Lorentzon M, Vandenput L, Harvey NC, McCloskey E, Kanis JA. Epidemiology of hip fractures in Bulgaria: development of a country-specific FRAX model. Arch Osteoporos. 2020 Feb 27;15(1):28. doi: 10.1007/s11657-020-0710-2.
Zakroyeva A, Lesnyak O, Cazac V, Groppa L, Russu E, Chislari L, Rotaru L, Johansson H, Harvey NC, McCloskey E, Lorentzon M, Kanis JA. Epidemiology of osteoporotic fracture in Moldova and development of a country-specific FRAX model. Arch Osteoporos. 2020 Jan 28;15(1):13. doi: 10.1007/s11657-019-0669-z.
Khashayar P, Keshtkar A, Ostovar A, Larijani B, Johansson H, Harvey NC, Lorentzon M, McCloskey E, Kanis JA. FRAX-based intervention and assessment thresholds for osteoporosis in Iran. Osteoporos Int, 2019. 30(11): p.2225-30 doi:10.1007/s00198-019-05078-4
Clark P, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Zerbini C, Sanchez A, Messina O, Jaller JJ, Campusano C, Orces CH, Riera G, Johansson H, Kanis JA. FRAX-based intervention and assessment thresholds in seven Latin American countries. Osteoporos Int, 2018. 29(3): p.707-15 doi:10.1007/s00198-017-4341-4
Chakhtoura M, Leslie WD, McClung M, Cheung AM, El-Hajj Fuleihan G. The FRAX-based Lebanese osteoporosis treatment guidelines: rationale for a hybrid model. Osteoporos Int, 2017. 28(1): p.127–137 doi:10.1007/s00198-016-3766-5
Kanis JA, Harvey NC, Cooper C, Johansson H, Odén A, McCloskey EV; A report prepared for the National Osteoporosis Guideline Group and the International Osteoporosis Foundation. A systematic review of intervention thresholds based on FRAX: Arch Osteoporos, 2016. 11: 25 doi:10.1007/s11657-016-0278-z
Kanis JA, Johansson H, Oden A, Cooper C, McCloskey EV and the Epidemiology and Quality of Life Working Group of IOF Worldwide Uptake of FRAX. Arch Osteoporos, 2014. 9:166 doi:10.1007/s11657-013-0166-8
Wu C, McCloskey EV, Lee JK, Itabashi A, Prince R, Yu W, Li-Yu J, Chionh SB, Zhao Y, Shin CS, Gunawan T, Tsai K, Chieng P, Changlai, S, Chan D, Chen J, Tanner SB, Hans DB, Yang R, on behalf of the Asia Pacific Panel of ISCD. Consensus of Official Position of IOF/ISCD FRAX Initiatives in Asia-Pacific Region. J Clin Densitom, 2013. 17(1): p.150-5 doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2013.06.002
McCloskey EV, Vasikaran S, Cooper C; FRAX^® Position Development Conference Members. Official Positions for FRAX^® Clinical Regarding Biochemical Markers. J Clin Densitom, 2011. 14(3): p.220-2 doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2011.05.008
McCloskey EV, Binkley N; FRAX^® Position Development Conference Members. FRAX^® Clinical Task Force of the 2010 Joint International Society for Clinical Densitometry & International Osteoporosis Foundation Position Development Conference. J Clin Densitom, 2011. 14(3): p.181-3 doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2011.05.013
Masud T, Binkley N, Boonen S, Hannan MT; FRAX^® Position Development Conference Members. Official Positions for FRAX^® Clinical Regarding Falls and Frailty: Can Falls and Frailty be Used in FRAX^®? J Clin Densitom, 2011. 14(3): p.194-204 doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2011.05.010
Lewiecki EM, Compston JE, Miller PD, Adachi JD, Adams JE, Leslie WD, Kanis JA, Moayyeri A, Adler RA, Hans DB, Kendler DL, Diez-Perez A, Krieg M-A, Masri BK, Lorenc RR, Bauer DC, Blake GM, Josse RG, Clark P, Khan AA; FRAX^® Position Development Conference Members. Official Positions for FRAX® Bone Mineral Density and FRAX^® Simplification. J Clin Densitom, 2011. 14(3): p.226-36 doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2011.05.017
Lewiecki EM, Compston JE, Miller PD, Adachi JD, Adams JE, Leslie WD, Kanis JA; FRAX^® Position Development Conference Members. FRAX^® Bone Mineral Density Task Force of the 2010 Joint International Society for Clinical Densitometry & International Osteoporosis Foundation Position Development Conference. J Clin Densitom, 2011. 14(3): p.223-5.
Leib ES, Saag KG, Adachi JD, Geusens PP, Binkley N, McCloskey EV, Hans DB; FRAX^® Position Development Conference Members. Official Positions for FRAX® Clinical Regarding Glucocorticoids: The Impact of the Use of Glucocorticoids on the Estimate by FRAX^® of the 10 Year Risk of Fracture. J Clin Densitom, 2011. 14(3): p.212-9 doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2011.05.014
Kanis JA, Hans D, Cooper C, Baim S, Bilezikian JP, Binkley N, Cauley JA, Compston JE, Dawson-Hughes B, Fuleihan GE, Johansson H, Leslie WD, Lewiecki EM, Luckey M, Oden A, Papapoulos SE, Poiana C, Rizzoli R, Wahl DA, McCloskey EV; Task Force of the FRAX Initiative. Interpretation and use of FRAX in clinical practice. Osteoporos Int, 2011. 22(9): p.2395-411 doi:10.1007/s00198-011-1713-z
Hans DB, Kanis JA, Baim S, Bilezikian JP, Binkley N, Cauley JA, Compston JE, Cooper C, Dawson-Hughes B, Fuleihan GE-H, Leslie WD, Lewiecki EM, Luckey MM, McCloskey EV, Papapoulos SE, Poiana C, Rizzoli R; FRAX^® Position Development Conference Members. Joint Official Positions of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry and International Osteoporosis Foundation on FRAX^®. Summary of the 2010 Position Development Conference on Interpretation and use of FRAX^® in clinical practice. J Clin Densitom, 2011. 14(3): p.171-80 doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2011.05.007
Dimai HP, Chandran M, Members FPDC; FRAX^® Position Development Conference Members. Official Positions for FRAX^® Clinical Regarding Smoking. J Clin Densitom, 2011. 14(3): p.190-3 doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2011.05.011
Cauley JA, Fuleihan GE, Luckey MM; FRAX^® Position Development Conference Members. FRAX^® International Task Force of the 2010 Joint International Society for Clinical Densitometry & International Osteoporosis Foundation Position Development Conference. J Clin Densitom, 2011. 14(3): p.237-9 doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2011.05.016
Cauley JA, Fuleihan GE, Arabi A, Fujiwara S, Ragi-Eis S, Calderon A, Chionh SB, Chen Z, Curtis JR, Danielson ME, Hanley DA, Kroger H, Kung AWC, Lesnyak O, Nieves J, Pluskiewicz W, El Rassi R, Silverman S, Schott A, Rizzoli R, Luckey M; FRAX^® Position Development Conference Members. Official Positions for FRAX^® Clinical Regarding International Differences. J Clin Densitom, 2011. 14(3): p.240-62 doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2011.05.015
Broy SB, Tanner SB; FRAX^® Position Development Conference Members. Official Positions for FRAX^® Clinical Regarding Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Clin Densitom, 2011. 14(3): p.184-9 doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2011.05.012
Blank RD; FRAX^® Position Development Conference Members. Official Positions for FRAX^® Clinical Regarding Prior Fractures. J Clin Densitom, 2011. 14(3): p.205-11 doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2011.05.009
Siris E, Delmas PD. Assessment of 10-year absolute fracture risk: a new paradigm with worldwide application. Osteoporos Int, 2008. 19(4): p.383-4 doi:10.1007/s00198-008-0564-8
Kanis JA, McCloskey EV, Johansson H, Strom O, Borgstrom F, Oden A; National Osteoporosis Guideline Group. Case finding for the management of osteoporosis with FRAX^® - assessment and intervention thresholds for the UK. Osteoporos Int, 2008. 19(10): p.1395-408 doi:10.1007/s00198-008-0712-1
Kanis JA, Johnell O, Oden A, Johansson H, McCloskey E. FRAX and the assessment of fracture probability in men and women from the UK. Osteoporos Int, 2008. 19(4): p.385-97 doi:10.1007/s00198-007-0543-5
Kanis JA, Oden A, Johnell O, Johansson H, De Laet C, Brown J, Burckhardt P, Cooper C, Christiansen C, Cummings S, Eisman JA, Fujiwara S, Glueer C, Goltzman D, Hans D, Krieg MA, La Croix A, McCloskey E, Mellstrom D, Melton LJ 3rd, Pols H, Reeve J, Sanders K, Schott AM, Silman A, Torgerson D, van Staa T, Watts NB, Yoshimura N. The use of clinical risk factors enhances the performance of BMD in the prediction of hip and osteoporotic fractures in men and women. Osteoporos Int, 2007. 18(8): p.1033-46 doi:10.1007/s00198-007-0343-y
Kanis J; on behalf of the World Health Organization Scientific Group. Assessment of osteoporosis at the primary health-care level. Technical Report WHO Collaborating Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield. 2007.
Johnell O, Borgstrom F, Jonsson B, Kanis J. Latitude, socioeconomic prosperity, mobile phones and hip fracture risk. Osteoporos Int, 2007. 18(3): p.333-7 doi: 10.1007/s00198-006-0245-4
De Laet C, Oden A, Johansson H, Johnell O, Jonsson B, Kanis JA. The impact of the use of multiple risk indicators for fracture on case-finding strategies: a mathematical approach.Osteoporos Int, 2005. 16(3): p.313-8 doi:10.1007/s00198-004-1689-z
De Laet C, Kanis JA, Oden A, Johanson H, Johnell O, Delmas P, Eisman JA, Kroger H, Fujiwara S, Garnero P, McCloskey EV, Mellstrom D, Melton LJ, Meunier PJ, Pols HAP, Reeve J, Silman A, Tenenhouse A. Body mass index as a predictor of fracture risk: A meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int, 2005. 16(11): p.1330-8 doi:10.1007/s00198-005-1863-y
Kaptoge S, Armbrecht G, Felsenberg D, Lunt M, Weber K, Boonen S, Jajic I, Stepan JJ, Banzer D, Reisinger W, Janott J, Kragl G, Scheidt-Nave C, Felsch B, Matthis C, Raspe HH, Lyritis G, Poor G, Nuti R, Miazgowski T, Hoszowski K, Armas JB, Vaz AL, Benevolenskaya LI, Masaryk P, Cannata JB, Johnell O, Reid DM, Bhalla A, Woolf AD, Todd CJ, Cooper C, Eastell R, Kanis JA, O'Neill TW, Silman AJ, Reeve J. Whom to treat? The contribution of vertebral X-rays to risk-based algorithms for fracture prediction. Results from the European Prospective Osteoporosis Study. Osteoporos Int, 2006. 17(9): p.1369-81 doi:10.1007/s00198-005-0067-9
Kanis JA, Johnell O, Oden A, Johansson H, Eisman JA, Fujiwara S, Kroger H, Honkanen R, Melton LJ, O'Neill T, Reeve J, Silman A, Tenenhouse A. The use of multiple sites for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int, 2006. 17(4): p.527-34 doi:10.1007/s00198-005-0014-9
Kanis JA, Johansson H, Oden A, De Laet C, Johnell O, Eisman JA, Mc Closkey E, Mellstrom D, Pols H, Reeve J, Silman A, Tenenhouse A. A meta-analysis of milk intake and fracture risk: low utility for case finding. Osteoporos Int, 2005. 16(7): p.799-804 doi:10.1007/s00198-004-1755-6
Kanis JA, Johansson H, Johnell O, Oden A, De Laet C, Eisman JA, Pols H, Tenenhouse A. Alcohol intake as a risk factor for fracture. Osteoporos Int, 2005. 16(7): p.737-42 doi:10.1007/s00198-004-1734-y
Kanis JA, Borgstrom F, De Laet C, Johansson H, Johnell O, Jonsson B, Oden A, Zethraeus N, Pfleger B, Khaltaev N. Assessment of fracture risk. Osteoporos Int, 2005. 16(6): p.581-9 doi:10.1007/s00198-004-1780-5
Kanis JA, Johnell O, De Laet C, Johansson H, Oden A, Delmas P, Eisman J, Fujiwara S, Garnero P, Kroger H, McCloskey EV, Mellstrom D, Melton LJ, Pols H, Reeve J, Silman A, Tenenhouse A. A meta-analysis of previous fracture and subsequent fracture risk. Bone, 2004. 35(2): p.375-82 doi:10.1016/j.bone.2004.03.024
Kanis JA, Johansson H, Oden A, Johnell O, de Laet C, Melton LJ, Tenenhouse A, Reeve J, Silman AJ, Pols HAP, Eisman JA, McCloskey EV, Mellstrom D. A meta-analysis of prior corticosteroid use and fracture risk. J Bone Miner Res, 2004. 19(6): p.893-9 doi:10.1359/JBMR.040134
Kanis JA, Johansson H, Oden A, Johnell O, De Laet C, Eisman JA, McCloskey EV, Mellstrom D, Melton LJ, Pols HAP, Reeve J, Silman AJ, Tenenhouse A. A family history of fracture and fracture risk: a meta-analysis. Bone, 2004. 35(5): p.1029-37 doi:10.1016/j.bone.2004.06.017
Johnell O, Kanis JA, Oden A, Sernbo I, Redlund-Johnell I, Petterson C, De Laet C, Jonsson B. Mortality after osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporos Int, 2004. 15(1): p.38-42 doi:10.1007/s00198-003-1490-4
Johansson H, Oden A, Johnell O, Jonsson B, de Laet C, Oglesby A, McCloskey EV, Kayan K, Jalava T, Kanis JA. Optimization of BMD measurements to identify high risk groups for treatment - A test analysis. J Bone Miner Res, 2004. 19(6): p.906-13 doi :10.1359/jbmr.2004.19.6.906
Kanis JA, Johnell O, De Laet C, Jonsson B, Oden A, Ogelsby AK. International variations in hip fracture probabilities: Implications for risk assessment. J Bone Miner Res, 2002. 17(7): p.1237-44 doi:10.1359/jbmr.2002.17.7.1237
Johansson H, Clark P, Carlos F, Oden A, McCloskey EV, Kanis JA. Increasing age- and sex-specific rates of hip fracture in Mexico: a survey of the Mexican institute of social security. Osteoporos Int, 2011. 22(8): p.2359-64 doi:10.1007/s00198-010-1475-z
Kanis J, Johnell O, Gullberg B, Allander E, Elffors L, Ranstam J, Dequeker J, Dilsen G, Gennari C, Vaz AL, Lyritis G, Mazzuoli G, Miravet L, Passeri M, Cano RP, Rapado A, Ribot C. Risk factors for hip fracture in men from Southern Europe: The MEDOS study. Osteoporos Int, 1999. 9(1): p.45-54 doi:10.1007/s001980050115

Health Economics / Models

Talevski J, Sanders KM, Lal A, Watts JJ, Beauchamp A, Duque G, Borgström F, Kanis JA, Svedbom A, Brennan-Olsen SA. A micro-costing analysis of post-fracture care pathways: results from the International Costs and Utilities Related to Osteoporotic Fractures Study (ICUROS). Osteoporos Int (2022). doi:10.1007/s00198-022-06460-5
Talevski J, Sanders KM, Busija L, Beauchamp A, Duque G, Borgström F, Kanis JA, Svedbom A, Connaughton C, Stuart AL, Brennan-Olsen SL. (2021). Health service use and quality of life recovery 12 months following major osteoporotic fracture: latent class analyses of the international costs and utilities related to osteoporotic fractures study (ICUROS). Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 36(2), pp. 252-261. doi:10.1002/jbmr.4181
Lesnyak O, Svedbom A, Belova K, Dobrovolskaya O, Ershova O, Golubev G, Grebenshikov V, Ivanov S, Kochish A, Menshikova L, Nikitinskaya O, Nurligayanov R, Solodovnikov A, Toroptsova N, Varavko J, Zotkin E, Borgstrom F, Kanis JA. Quality of life after fragility fracture in the Russian Federation: results from the Russian arm of the International Cost and Utility Related to Osteoporotic Fractures Study (ICUROS). Arch Osteoporos. 2020 Mar 2;15(1):37. doi: 10.1007/s11657-020-0699-6.
Lorentzon M, Nilsson AG, Johansson H, Kanis JA, Mellström D, Sundh D. Extensive undertreatment of osteoporosis in older Swedish women. Osteoporos Int, 2019. 30(6): p.1297-1305 doi:10.1007/s00198-019-04872-4
Hiligsmann, M., Reginster, JY., Tosteson, ANA, Bukata SV, Saag KG, Gold DT, Halbout P, Jiwa F, Lewiecki EM, Pinto D, Adachi JD, Al-Daghri N, Bruyère O, Chandran M, Cooper C, Harvey NC, Einhorn TA, Kanis JA, Kendler DL, Messina OD, Rizzoli R, Si L, Silverman S. Recommendations for the conduct of economic evaluations in osteoporosis: outcomes of an Experts’ consensus meeting organized by the ESCEO and the US Branch of IOF. Osteoporos Int, 2018. 30(1): p.45-57 doi:10.1007/s00198-018-4744-x
Guirant L, Carlos F, Curiel D, Kanis JA, Borgström F, Svedbom A, Clark P. Health-related quality of life during the first year after a hip fracture: results of the Mexican arm of the International Cost and Utility Related to Osteoporotic Fractures Study (MexICUROS). Osteoporos Int, 2018. 29(5): p.1147-1154 doi:10.1007/s00198-018-4389-9.
Svedbom A, Borgström F, Hernlund E, Ström O, Alekna V, Bianchi ML, Clark P, Curiel MD, Dimai HP, Jürisson M, Uusküla A, Lember M, Kallikorm R, Lesnyak O, McCloskey E, Ershova O, Sanders KM, Silverman S, Tamulaitiene M, Thomas T, Tosteson ANA, Jönsson B, Kanis JA. Quality of life after hip, vertebral, and distal forearm fragility fractures measured using the EQ-5D-3L, EQ-VAS, and time-trade-off: results from the ICUROS. Qual Life Res, 2018. 27(3): p.707-716 doi:10.1007/s11136-017-1748-5
Svedbom A, Borgstöm F, Hernlund E, Ström O, Alekna V, Bianchi ML, Clark P, Curiel MD, Dimai HP, Jürisson M, Kallikorm R, Lember M, Lesnyak O, McCloskey E, Sanders KM, Silverman S, Solodovnikov A, Tamulaitiene M, Thomas T, Toroptsova N, Uusküla A, Tosteson ANA, Jönsson B, Kanis JA. Quality of life for up to 18 months after low-energy hip, vertebral, and distal forearm fractures-results from the ICUROS. Osteoporos Int, 2018. 29(3): p.557-566 doi:10.1007/s00198-017-4317-4
Jonsson E, Hansson-Hedblom A, Ljunggren Ö, Åkesson K, Spångeus A, Kanis JA, Borgström F. A health economic simulation model for the clinical management of osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int, 2018. 29(3): p.545-555 doi:10.1007/s00198-017-4325-4
Jürisson M, Pisarev H, Kanis J, Borgström F, Svedbom A, Kallikorm R, Lember M, Uusküla A. Quality of life, resource use, and costs related to hip fracture in Estonia. Osteoporos Int, 2016. 27(8): p.2555-66. doi:10.1007/s00198-016-3544-4
Dimai HP, Redlich K, Peretz M, Borgström F, Siebert U, Mahlich J. Economic burden of osteoporotic fractures in Austria. Health Econ Rev, 2012. 2(1):12 doi:10.1186/2191-1991-2-12
Abimanyi-Ochom J, Watts J, Borgström F, Nicholson GC, Shore-Lorenti C, Stuart AL, Zhang Y, Iuliano S, Seeman E, Prince R, March L, Cross M, Winzenberg T, Laslett LL, Duque G, Ebeling PR, Sanders KM. Changes in quality of life associated with fragility fractures: Australian arm of the International Cost and Utility Related to Osteoporotic Fractures Study (AusICUROS). Osteoporos Int, 2015. 26(6): p.1781-90 doi:10.1007/s00198-015-3088-z
Borgstrom F, Lekander I, Ivergard M, Strom O, Svedbom A, Alekna V, Bianchi ML, Clark P, Curiel MD, Dimai HP, Jurisson M, Kallikorm R, Lesnyak O, McCloskey E, Nassonov E, Sanders KM, Silverman S, Tamulaitiene M, Thomas T, Tosteson ANA, Jonsson B, Kanis JA. The International Costs and Utilities Related to Osteoporotic Fractures Study (ICUROS) - quality of life during the first 4 months after fracture. Osteoporos Int, 2013. 24(3): p.811-23 doi:10.1007/s00198-012-2240-2
Gauthier A, Kanis JA, Martin M, Compston J, Borgstrom F, Cooper C, McCloskey E; Committee of Scientific Advisors, International Osteoporosis Foundation. Development and validation of a disease model for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int, 2011. 22(3): p.771-80 doi:10.1007/s00198-010-1358-3
Zethraeus N, Strom O, Borgstrom F, Kanis JA, Jonsson B. The cost-effectiveness of the treatment of high risk women with osteoporosis, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia in Sweden. Osteoporos Int, 2008. 19(6): p.819-27 doi:10.1007/s00198-007-0511-0
Zethraeus N, Borgstrom F, Strom O, Kanis JA, Jonsson B. Cost-effectiveness of the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis - a review of the literature and a reference model. Osteoporos Int, 2007. 18(1): p.9-23 doi:10.1007/s00198-006-0257-0
Zethraeus N, Ben Sedrine W, Caulin F, Corcaud S, Gathon HJ, Haim M, Johnell O, Jonsson B, Kanis JA, Tsouderos Y, Reginster JY. Models for assessing the cost-effectiveness of the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int, 2002. 13(11): p.841-57 doi:10.1007/s001980200117
Kanis JA, Jonsson B. Economic evaluation of interventions for osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int, 2002. 13(10): p.765-7 doi:10.1007/s001980200106
Kanis JA, Brazier J, Stevenson M, Calvert NW, Jones ML. Treatment of established osteoporosis: a systematic review and cost-utility analysis. Health Technol Assess, 2002. 6(29): p.1-146 doi:10.3310/hta6290
Brazier JE, Green C, Kanis JA, on behalf of the Committee of Science Advisors, International Osteoporosis Foundation. A systematic review of health state utility values for osteoporosis-related conditions. Osteoporos Int, 2002. 13(10): p.768-76 doi: 10.1007/s001980200107
Kanis JA, Oden A, Johnell O, Jonsson B, de Laet C, Dawson A. The burden of osteoporotic fractures: A method for setting intervention thresholds. Osteoporos Int, 2001. 12(5): p.417-27 doi:10.1007/s001980170112

Nutrition (Vitamin D / Calcium), Exercise & Sarcopenia

Harvey, N., Ward, K., Agnusdei, D. et al. on behalf of the International Osteoporosis Foundation Vitamin D Working Group.Optimisation of vitamin D status in global populations. Osteoporos Int 35, 1313–1322 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-024-07127-z
Balk EM, Adam GP, Langberg VN, Earley A, Clark P, Ebeling PR, Mithal A, Rizzoli R, Zerbini CAF, Pierroz DD, Dawson-Hughes B, for the International Osteoporosis Foundation Calcium Steering Committee. Global dietary calcium intake among adults: a systematic review. Osteoporos Int, 2017. 28(12): p.3315-3324 doi:10.1007/s00198-017-4230-x
Beaudart C, Dawson A, Shaw SC, Harvey NC, Kanis JA, Binkley N, Reginster JY, Chapurlat R, Chan DC, Bruyère O, Rizzoli R, Cooper C, Dennison EM, and the IOF-ESCEO Sarcopenia Working Group. Nutrition and physical activity in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia: systematic review. Osteoporos Int, 2017. 28(6): p.1817-1833 doi:10.1007/s00198-017-3980-9
Harvey NC, Biver E, Kaufman JM, Bauer J, Branco J, Brandi ML, Bruyère O, Coxam V, Cruz-Jentoft A, Czerwinski E, Dimai H, Fardellone P, Landi F, Reginster JY, Dawson-Hughes B, Kanis JA, Rizzoli R, Cooper C. The role of calcium supplementation in healthy musculoskeletal ageing. Osteoporos Int, 2016. 28(2): p.447-462 doi:10.1007/s00198-016-3773-6
Mitchell PJ, Cooper C, Dawson-Hughes B, Gordon CM, Rizzoli R. Life-course approach to nutrition Osteoporos Int, 2015. 26(12): p.2723-42 doi:10.1007/s00198-015-3288-6
Cianferotti L, Cricelli C, Kanis JA, Nuti R, Reginster JY, Ringe JD, Rizzoli R, Brandi ML. The clinical use of vitamin D metabolites and their potential developments: a position statement from the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO) and the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF). Endocrine, 2015. 50(1): p.12-26 doi:10.1007/s12020-015-0606-x.
Hilger J, Friedel A, Herr R, Rausch T, Roos F, Wahl DA, Pierroz DD, Weber P, Hoffman K. A systematic review of vitamin D status in populations worldwide. Br J Nutr, 2013. 111(1): p.23-45 doi:10.1017/s0007114513001840
Mithal A, Bonjour JP, Boonen S, Burckhardt P, Degens H, El Hajj Fuleihan G, Josse R, Lips P, Morales Torres J, Rizzoli R, Yoshimura N, Wahl DA, Cooper C, Dawson-Hughes B; for the IOF CSA Nutrition Working Group. Impact of nutrition on muscle mass, strength, and performance in older adults. Osteoporos Int, 2013. 24(5): p.1555–1566 doi:10.1007/s00198-012-2236-y
Wahl DA, Cooper C, Ebeling PR, Eggersdorfer M, Hilger J, Hoffmann K, Josse R, Kanis JA, Mithal A, Pierroz DD, Stenmark J, Stocklin E, Dawson-Hughes B. A global representation of vitamin D status in healthy populations. Arch Osteoporos, 2012. 7(1-2): p.155-72 doi:10.1007/s11657-012-0093-0
Dawson-Hughes B, Mithal A, Bonjour JP, Boonen S, Burckhardt P, Fuleihan GEH, Josse RG, Lips P, Morales-Torres J, Yoshimura N. IOF position statement: vitamin D recommendations for older adults. Osteoporos Int, 2010. 21(7): p.1151-4 doi:10.1007/s00198-010-1285-3
Mithal A, Wahl DA, Bonjour JP, Burckhardt P, Dawson-Hughes B, Eisman JA, Fuleihan GE-H, Josse RG, Lips P, Morales-Torres J; IOF Committee of Scientific Advisors (CSA) Nutrition Working Group. Global vitamin D status and determinants of hypovitaminosis D. Osteoporos Int, 2009. 20(11): p.1807-20 doi:10.1007/s00198-009-0954-6
Rizzoli R, Boonen S, Brandi ML, Burlet N, Delmas P, Reginster JY. The role of calcium and vitamin D in the management of osteoporosis. Bone, 2008. 42(2): p.246-9 doi:10.1016/j.bone.2007.10.005
Boonen S, Rizzoli R, Meunier PJ, Stone M, Nuki G, Syversen U, Lehtonen-Veromaa M, Lips P, Johnell O, Reginster JY. The need for clinical guidance in the use of calcium and vitamin D in the management of osteoporosis: a consensus report. Osteoporos Int, 2004. 15(7): p.511-9 doi:10.1007/s00198-004-1621-6

Quality of Life

Goldhahn J, Beaton D, Ladd A, Macdermid J, Hoang-Kim A; On behalf of the Distal Radius Working Group of ISFR and IOF. Recommendation for measuring clinical outcome in distal radius fractures: a core set of domains for standardized reporting in clinical practice and research. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg, 2014. 134(2): p.197-205 doi:10.1007/s00402-013-1767-9
Murell P, Todd CJ, Martin A, Walton J, Lips P, Reeve J; Working Party for Quality of Life of the International Osteoporosis Foundation. Postal administration compared with of the QUALEFFO-41 in a population and assessment nurse-supported administration sample: Comparison of results of psychometric properties. Osteoporos Int, 2001. 12(8): p.672-9 doi:10.1007/s001980170067
Oleksik A, Lips P, Dawson A, Minshall ME, Shen W, Cooper C, Kanis J. Health-related quality of life in postmenopausal women with low BMD with or without prevalent vertebral fractures. J Bone Miner Res, 2000. 15(7): p.1384-92 doi:10.1359/jbmr.2000.15.7.1384
Lips P, Jameson K, Bianchi ML, Goemaere S, Boonen S, Reeve J, Stepan J, Johnell O, van Schoor NM, Dennison E, Kanis JA, Cooper C; Working Group for Quality of Life of the International Osteoporosis Foundation. Validation of the IOF quality of life questionnaire for patients with wrist fracture. Osteoporos Int, 2010. 21(1): p.61-70 doi:10.1007/s00198-009-0946-6

Secondary Fracture Prevention / Coordinator-Based Systems

Javaid MK, Calo M, Wullich S, et al. Development, implementation and evaluation of a multinational FLS mentorship programme in Latin America. Osteoporos Int (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-023-06742-6
Javaid MK, Pinedo-Villanueva R, Shah A, Mohsin Z, Hiligsmann M, Mlotek‑Soulie A, Fuggle NR, Halbout P, Cooper C. The Capture the Fracture® Partnership: an overview of a global initiative to increase the secondary fracture prevention care for patient benefit. Osteoporos Int (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-023-06759-x
Gill CE, Mitchell PJ, Clark J, Cornish J, Fergusson P, Gilchrist N, Hayman L, Hornblow S, Kim D, Mackenzie D, Milsom S, von Tunzelmann A, Binns E, Fergusson K, Fleming S, Hurring S, Lilley R, Miller C, Navarre P, Pettett A, Sankaran S, Seow MY, Sincock J, Ward N, Wright M, Close JCT, Harris IA, Armstrong E, Hallen J, Hikaka J, Kerse N, Vujnovich A, Ganda K, Seibel MJ, Jackson T, Kennedy P, Malpas K, Dann L, Shuker C, Dunne C, Wood P, Magaziner J, Marsh D, Tabu I, Cooper C, Halbout P, Javaid MK, Åkesson K, Mlotek AS, Brûlé-Champagne E, Harris R. Experience of a systematic approach to care and prevention of fragility fractures in New Zealand. Arch Osteoporos. 2022 Aug 2;17(1):108. doi: 10.1007/s11657-022-01138-1.
Lems WF, Paccou J, Zhang J, Fuggle NR, Chandran M, Harvey NC, Cooper C, Javaid K, Ferrari S, Akesson KE, & International Osteoporosis Foundation Fracture Working Group. Vertebral fracture: epidemiology, impact and use of DXA vertebral fracture assessment in fracture liaison services. Osteoporos Int (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-020-05804-3
Clynes MA, Westbury LD, Dennison EM, Kanis JA, Javaid MK, Harvey NC, Fujita M, Cooper C, Leslie WD, Shuhart CR; International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD) and the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF). Bone densitometry worldwide: a global survey by the ISCD and IOF. Osteoporos Int. 2020 May 6. doi: 10.1007/s00198-020-05435-8.
Javaid MK, Sami A, Lems W, Mitchell P, Thomas T, Singer A, Speerin R, Fujita M, Pierroz DD, Akesson K, Halbout P, Ferrari S, Cooper C. A patient-level key performance indicator set to measure the effectiveness of fracture liaison services and guide quality improvement: a position paper of the IOF Capture the Fracture Working Group, National Osteoporosis Foundation and Fragility Fracture Network. Osteoporos Int. 2020 doi: 10.1007/s00198-020-05377-1
Mitchell PJ, Cooper C, Fujita M, Halbout P, Åkesson K, Costa M, Dreinhöfer KE, Marsh DR, Lee JK, Chan DD, Javaid MK. Quality Improvement Initiatives in Fragility Fracture Care and Prevention. Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2019. 17(6):510-520. doi: 10.1007/s11914-019-00544-8.
Javaid MK, Kyer C, Mitchell PJ, Chana J, Moss C, Edwards MH, McLellan AR, Stenmark J, Pierroz DD, Schneider MC, Kanis JA, Akesson K, Cooper C; IOF Fracture Working Group; EXCO. Effective secondary fracture prevention: implementation of a global benchmarking of clinical quality using the IOF Capture the Fracture^® Best Practice Framework tool Osteoporos Int, 2015. 26(11): p.2573-8 doi:10.1007/s00198-015-3192-0
Akesson K, Marsh D, Mitchell P, McLellan AR, Stenmark J, Pierroz DD, Kyer C, Cooper C; IOF Fracture Working Group. Capture the Fracture: A Best Practice Framework and Global Campaign to Break the Fragility Fracture Cycle. Osteoporos Int, 2013. 24(8): p.2135-52 doi:10.1007/s00198-013-2348-z
Mitchell PJ. Best practices in secondary fracture prevention: fracture liaison services. Curr Osteoporos Rep, 2013. 11(1): p.52-60 doi:10.1007/s11914-012-0130-3
Marsh D, Akesson K, Beaton DE, Bogoch ER, Boonen S, Brandi ML, McLellan AR, Mitchell PJ, Sale JEM, Wahl DA; IOF CSA Fracture Working Group. Coordinator-based systems for secondary prevention in fragility fracture patients. Osteoporos Int, 2011. 22(7): p.2051-65 doi:10.1007/s00198-011-1642-x
Cooper C, Mitchell P, Kanis JA. Breaking the fragility fracture cycle. Osteoporos Int, 2011. 22(7): p.2049-50 doi:10.1007/s00198-011-1643-9
Bouxsein ML, Kaufman J, Tosi L, Cummings S, Lane J, Johnell O. Recommendations for optimal care of the fragility fracture patient to reduce the risk of future fracture. J Am Acad Orthop Surg, 2004. 12(6): p.385-95 doi:10.5435/00124635-200411000-00003
Johnell O, Kaufman JM, Cummings SR, Lane J, Bouxsein M; WOOO, BJD, EFORT and IOF. Recommendations for Care of the Osteoporotic Fracture Patient to Reduce the Risk of Future Fracture. World Orthop Osteoporo Org, 2002. http://www.boneandjointdecade.de/downloads/recommendations_care_osteopo… Accessed 30 Jan 2020.
Dreinhoefer KE, Anderson M, Feron J, Herrera A, Hube R, Johnell O, Lidgren L, Miles K, Tarantino U, Simpson H, Wallace WA. Multinational survey of osteoporotic fracture management. Osteoporos Int, 2005. 16(Suppl 2): p.S44-53 doi:10.1007/s00198-004-1700-8
Dreinhofer KE, Feron JM, Herrera A, Hube R, Johnell O, Lidgren L, Miles K, Panarella L, Simpson H, Wallace WA. Orthopaedic surgeons and fragility fractures - A survey by the Bone and Joint Decade and the International Osteoporosis Foundation. J Bone Joint Surg Br, 2004. 86B(7): p.958-61 doi:10.1302/0301-620X.86B7.15328
Compston J. Action Plan for the prevention of osteoporotic fractures in the European Community. Osteoporos Int, 2004. 15(4): p.259-62 doi:10.1007/s00198-004-1605-6

Skeletal Rare Disorders

Masi L, Ferrari S, Javaid MK, Papapoulos S, Pierroz DD, Brandi ML & IOF Skeletal Rare Diseases Working Group. Bone fragility in patients affected by congenital diseases non skeletal in origin. Orphanet J Rare Dis, 2021.16 (11)
Masi L, Agnusdei D, Bilezikian J, Chappard D, Chapurlat R, Cianferotti L, Devolgelaer J-P, El Maghraoui A, Ferrari S, Javaid MK, Kaufman J-M, Liberman UA, Lyritis G, Miller P, Napoli N, Roldan E, Papapoulos S, Watts NB, Brandi ML. Taxonomy of rare genetic metabolic bone disorders. Osteoporos Int, 2015. 26(10): p. 2529-58.

Survey Findings / IOF Statements / Calls to Action / Resources

Rizzoli R, Brandi ML, Dreinhoefer KE, Thomas T, Wahl D, Cooper C. The gaps between patient and physician understanding of the emotional and physical impact of osteoporosis. Arch Osteoporos, 2010. 5(1-2): p.145-53 doi:10.1007/s11657-010-0049-1
Cooper C, Rizzoli R, Reginster JY. The International Osteoporosis Foundation: history, objectives and achievements. Osteoporos Int, 2009. 20(Suppl 3):S241-2 doi:10.1007/s00198-008-0700-5
Czerwinski E, Badurski JE, Marcinowska-Suchowierska E, Osieleniec J. Current understanding of osteoporosis according to the position of the World Health Organization (WHO) and International Osteoporosis Foundation. Ortop Traumatol Rehabil, 2007. 9(4): p.337-56. http://www.ortopedia.com.pl/api/files/view/43744.pdf Accessed 30 Jan 2020
Kanis JA, Seeman E, Johnell O, Rizzoli R, Delmas P. The perspective of the International Osteoporosis Foundation on the official positions of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry. J Clin Densitom, 2005. 8(2): p.145-7 doi:10.1007/s00198-005-1861-0
Delmas PD, Rizzoli R, Cooper C, Reginster JY. Treatment of patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis is worthwhile. The position of the International Osteoporosis Foundation. Osteoporos Int, 2005. 16(1): p.1-5 doi:10.1007/s00198-004-1813-0
European Action Towards Better Musculoskeletal Health: A Public Health Strategy to Reduce the Burden of Musculoskeletal Conditions; From the European Bone and Joint Health Strategies Project (BJD, EULAR, EFORT and IOF), 2004. https://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_projects/2000/promotion/fp_promotion_200… Accessed 30 Jan 2020
Delmas PD, Fraser M. Strong bones in later life: luxury or necessity? Bull World Health Organ, 1999. 77(5): p.416-22 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10361759 Accessed 30 Jan 2020.

Treatment & Management / Guidelines

Chandran, M., Akesson, K.E., Javaid, M.K. et al. Impact of osteoporosis and osteoporosis medications on fracture healing: a narrative review. Osteoporos Int 35, 1337–1358 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-024-07059-8
Shevroja, E., Reginster, J-Y., Lamy, O., et al. (2023). Update on the clinical use of trabecular bone score (TBS) in the management of osteoporosis: results of an expert group meeting organized by the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO), and the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) under the auspices of WHO Collaborating Center for Epidemiology of Musculoskeletal Health and Aging. Osteoporos Int (2023). Published online: July 01, 2023: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-023-06817-4
Messina, O.D., Vidal, M., Adami, G. et al. Chronic arthritides and bone structure: focus on rheumatoid arthritis—an update. Aging Clin Exp Res (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-023-02432-9
Messina, OD, Vidal, M, Torres, JA et al. Evidence based Latin American Guidelines of clinical practice on prevention, diagnosis, management and treatment of glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis. A 2022 update. Aging Clin Exp Res 34, 2591–2602 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-022-02261-2
Kanis, JA, McCloskey, EV, Harvey, NC, Cooper, C, Rizzoli, R, Dawson-Hughes, B, Maggi, S, Reginster, J-Y. The need to distinguish intervention thresholds and diagnostic thresholds in the management of osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-022-06567-9
Chotiyarnwong, P, McCloskey, EV, Harvey, NC et al. Is it time to consider population screening for fracture risk in postmenopausal women? A position paper from the International Osteoporosis Foundation Epidemiology/Quality of Life Working Group. Arch Osteoporos 17, 87 (2022). doi.org/10.1007/s11657-022-01117-6
McCloskey, EV, Chotiyarnwong, P, Harvey, NC. et al. Population screening for fracture risk in postmenopausal women — a logical step in reducing the osteoporotic fracture burden?. Osteoporos Int (2022). doi:10.1007/s00198-022-06419-6
Pinto, D, Alshahrani, M, Chapurlat, R et al. The global approach to rehabilitation following an osteoporotic fragility fracture: A review of the rehabilitation working group of the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) Committee of Scientific Advisors. Osteoporos Int (2022). doi:10.1007/s00198-021-06240-7
Cannata-Andía JB, Carrillo-López N, Messina OD, Hamdy NAT, Panizo S, Ferrari SL, on behalf of the International Osteoporosis Foundation Working Group on Bone and Cardiovascular Diseases. Pathophysiology of Vascular Calcification and Bone Loss: Linked Disorders of Ageing? Nutrients. 2021; 13(11):3835. doi:10.3390/nu13113835
Evenepoel, P, et al., Diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in chronic kidney disease stages 4 to 5D: a call for a shift from nihilism to pragmatism. Osteoporos Int. 2021. doi:10.1007/s00198-021-05975-7
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Evenepoel P, Cunningham J, Ferrari S, Haarhaus M, Javaid MK, Lafage-Proust MH, Prieto-Alhambra D, Ureña Torres P, Cannata-Andia J, European Renal Osteodystrophy (EUROD) workgroup, an initiative of the CKD-MBD working group of the ERA-EDTA, and the committee of Scientific Advisors and National Societies of the IOF, European Consensus Statement on the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in chronic kidney disease stages G4–G5D, Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2021. 36(1):42-59. doi:10.1093/ndt/gfaa192.
Pepe J, Body J-J, Hadji P, McCloskey E, Meier C, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Palermo A, Tsourdi E, Zillikens MC, Langdahl B, Ferrari S. Osteoporosis in Premenopausal Women: A Clinical Narrative Review by the ECTS and the IOF, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab, 2020. 105 (8): dgaa306
Kanis, J.A., Harvey, N.C., McCloskey, E, Bruyere O, Veronese N, Lorentzon M, Cooper C, Rizzoli R, Adib G. Algorithm for the management of patients at low, high and very high risk of osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporos Int, 2019. 31(1): p.1-12 doi:10.1007/s00198-019-05176-3
Dennison EM, Cooper C, Kanis JA, Bruyère O, Silverman S, McCloskey E, Abrahamsen B, Prieto-Alhambra D, Ferrari S; on behalf of the IOF Epidemiology/Quality of Life Working Group. Fracture risk following intermission of osteoporosis therapy. Osteoporos Int, 2019. 30(9): p.1733-43 doi:10.1007/s00198-019-05002-w
Hiligsmann M, Cornelissen D, Vrijens B, Abrahamsen B, Al-Daghri N, Biver E, Brandi ML, Bruyère O, Burlet N, Cooper C, Cortet B, Dennison E, Diez-Perez A, Gasparik A, Grosso A, Hadji P, Halbout P, Kanis JA, Kaufman JM, Laslop A, Maggi S, Rizzoli R, Thomas T, Tuzun S, Vlaskovska M, Reginster JY. Determinants, consequences and potential solutions to poor adherence to anti-osteoporosis treatment: results of an expert group meeting organized by the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF). Osteoporos Int, 2019. 30(11): p.2155-65 doi:10.1007/s00198-019-05104-5
Marcucci G, Beltrami G, Tamburini A, Body JJ, Confavreux CB, Hadji P, Holzer G, Kendler D, Napoli N, Pierroz DD, Rizzoli R, Brandi ML; on behalf of the International Osteoporosis Foundation Cancer and Bone Working Group. Bone health in childhood cancer: review of the literature and recommendations for the management of bone health in childhood cancer survivors. Annals of Oncology, 2019. 30(6): p.908-920 doi:10.1093/annonc/mdz120
Kanis, J, Cooper, C, Rizzoli, R; on behalf of the Scientific Advisory Board of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis (ESCEO) and the Committees of Scientific Advisors and National Societies of the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF). European guidance for the diagnosis & management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int, 2018. 30(1): p.3-44 doi:10.1007/s00198-018-4704-5
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Ferrari SL, Abrahamsen B, Napoli N, Akesson K, Chandran M, Eastell R, El-Hajj Fuleihan G, Josse R, Kendler DL, Kraenzlin M, Suzuki A, Pierroz DD, Schwartz AV, Leslie WD; Bone and Diabetes Working Group of IOF. Diagnosis and management of bone fragility in diabetes: an emerging challenge. Osteoporos Int. 2018 Dec;29(12):2585-2596. doi: 10.1007/s00198-018-4650-2.
Ferrari SL, Abrahamsen B, Napoli N, Akesson K, Chandran M, Eastell R, El-Hajj Fuleihan G, Josse R, Kendler DL, Kraenzlin M, Suzuki A, Pierroz DD, Schwartz AV, Leslie WD, on behalf of the Bone and Diabetes Working Group of IOF. Diagnosis and Management of Bone Fragility in Diabetes: An Emerging Challenge – A Short Review. Journal of Diabetes Management and Metabolism.
Cianferotti, L., et al., The prevention of fragility fractures in patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer: a position statement by the international osteoporosis foundation. Oncotarget, 2017. 8(43): p. 75646-75663.
Compston J, Cooper A, Cooper C, Gittoes N, Gregson C, Harvey N, Hope S, Kanis JA, McCloskey EV, Poole KES, Reid DM, Selby P, Thompson F, Thurston A, Vine N; The National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG). UK clinical guideline for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Arch Osteoporos, 2017. 12:43 doi:10.1007/s11657-017-0324-5
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Zerbini CAF, Clark P, Mendez-Sanchez L, Pereira RMR, Messina OD, Uña CR, Adachi JD, Lems WF, Cooper C, Lane NE; and on behalf of the IOF Chronic Inflammation and Bone Structure (CIBS) Working Group. Biologic therapies and bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis. Osteoporos Int, 2016. 28(2):429-446 doi:10.1007/s00198-016-3769-2
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Silverman SL, Kupperman ES, Bukata SV; and Members of IOF Fracture Working Group. Fracture healing: a consensus report from the International Osteoporosis Foundation Fracture Working Group. Osteoporos Int, 2016. 27(7): p.2197-206 doi:10.1007/s00198-016-3513-y
Hough FS, Pierroz DD, Cooper C, Ferrari SL; and IOF CSA Bone and Diabetes Working Group. Mechanisms and Evaluation of Bone Fragility in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Eur J Endocrinol, 2016. 174(4): p.R127-R138 doi:10.1530/EJE-15-0820
Silverman SL, Adachi JD, Dennison E; and the International Osteoporosis Foundation Epidemiology/Quality of Life Working Group. Bisphosphonate drug holidays: we reap what we sow. Osteoporos Int, 2016. 27(3): p.849-852 doi:10.1007/s00198-015-3453-y
Kanis JA, McCloskey E, Branco J, Brandi ML, Dennison E, Devogelaer JP, Ferrari S, Kaufman JM, Papapoulos S, Reginster JY, Rizzoli R; for the Committee of Scientific Advisors of the International Osteoporosis Foundation & the Scientific Advisory Board of the European Society for Clinical & Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis. Goal-directed treatment of osteoporosis in Europe. Osteoporos Int, 2014. 25(11): p.2533-43 doi:10.1007/s00198-014-2787-1
Rizzoli R, Body JJ, Brandi ML. Cannata-Andia J, Chappard D, El-Maghraoui A, Glüer CC, Kendler D, Napoli N, Papaioannou A, Pierroz DD, Rahme M, van Poznak CH, de Villiers TJ, El Hahh Fuleihan G; for the International Osteoporosis Foundation Committee of Scientific Advisors Working Group on Cancer-Induced Bone Disease. Cancer-associated bone disease. Osteoporos Int, 2013. 24(12): p.2929-53 doi:10.1007/s00198-013-2530-3
Kanis JA, McCloskey EV, Johansson H, Cooper C, Rizzoli R, Reginster JY; Scientific Advisory Board of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO) and the Committee of Scientific Advisors of the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF). European guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int, 2013. 24(1): p.23-57 doi:10.1007/s00198-012-2074-y
Lekamwasam S, Adachi JD, Agnusdei D, Bilezikian J, Boonen S, Borgstrom F, Cooper C, Perez AD, Eastell R, Hofbauer LC, Kanis JA, Langdahl BL, Lesnyak O, Lorenc R, McCloskey E, Messina OD, Napoli N, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Ralston SH, Sambrook PN, Silverman S, Sosa M, Stepan J, Suppan G, Wahl DA, Compston JE; Joint IOF–ECTS GIO Guidelines Working Group. An appendix to the 2012 IOF-ECTS guidelines for the management of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Arch Osteoporos, 2012. 7(1-2): p.25-30 doi:10.1007/s11657-012-0070-7
Lekamwasam S, Adachi JD, Agnusdei D, Bilezikian J, Boonen S, Borgstrom F, Cooper C, Diez Perez A, Eastell R, Hofbauer LC, Kanis JA, Langdahl BL, Lesnyak O, Lorenc R, McCloskey E, Messina OD, Napoli N, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Ralston SH, Sambrook PN, Silverman S, Sosa M, Stepan J, Suppan G, Wahl DA, Compston JE; Joint IOF-ECTS GIO Guidelines Working Group. A framework for the development of guidelines for the management of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int, 2012. 23(9): p.2257-76 doi:10.1007/s00198-012-1958-1
Ferrari S, Bianchi ML, Eisman JA, Foldes AJ, Adami S, Wahl DA, Stepan JJ, de Vernejoul MC, Kaufman JM; IOF Committee of Scientific Advisors Working Group on Osteoporosis Pathophysiology. Osteoporosis in young adults: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. Osteoporos Int, 2012. 23(12): p.2735-48 doi:10.1007/s00198-012-2030-x
Diez-Perez A, Adachi JD, Agnusdei D, Bilezikian JP, Compston JE, Cummings SR, Eastell R, Eriksen EF, Gonzalez-Macias J, Liberman UA, Wahl DA, Seeman E, Kanis JA, Cooper C; IOF CSA Inadequate Responders Working Group. Treatment failure in osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int, 2012. 23(12): p.2769-74 doi:10.1007/s00198-012-2093-8
Cooper C, Reginster JY, Cortet B, Diaz-Curiel M, Lorenc RS, Kanis JA, Rizzoli R. Long-term treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: a review from the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO) and the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF). Curr Med Res Opin, 2012. 28(3): p.475-91 doi:10.1185/03007995.2012.663750
Cooper C, Dere W, Evans W, Kanis JA, Rizzoli R, Sayer AA, Sieber CC, Kaufman JM, Abellan van Kan G, Boonen S, Adachi J, Mitlak B, Tsouderos Y, Rolland Y, Reginster JYL. Frailty and sarcopenia: definitions and outcome parameters. Osteoporos Int, 2012. 23(7): p.1839-48 doi:10.1007/s00198-012-1913-1
Rizzoli R, Akesson K, Bouxsein M, Kanis JA, Napoli N, Papapoulos S, Reginster JY, Cooper C. Subtrochanteric fractures after long-term treatment with bisphosphonates: a European Society on Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis, and International Osteoporosis Foundation Working Group Report. Osteoporos Int, 2011. 22(2): p.373-90 doi:10.1007/s00198-010-1453-5
Kanis JA, Bianchi G, Bilezikian JP, Kaufman JM, Khosla S, Orwoll E, Seeman E; on behalf of the Committee of Scientific Advisors of the International Osteoporosis Foundation. Towards a diagnostic and therapeutic consensus in male osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int, 2011. 22(11): p.2789-98 doi:10.1007/s00198-011-1632-z
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Vertebral Fractures

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